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目的探讨含不同类型脂肪酸的高脂膳食对荷胰腺癌小鼠骨骼肌和肝脏细胞中脂肪酸构成的影响。方法将60只健康5w龄雄性C57BL/6裸鼠随机分为6组:饱和脂肪酸(SFA)组、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)组、n-6多不饱和脂肪酸(n-6 PUFA)组、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA)组、等能量对照(ISO-C)组和正常对照(NC)组。四个高脂膳食组用四种高脂(15%g/100g)饲料分别喂养,其油脂来源分别为椰子油(富含SFA),橄榄油(富含MUFA),大豆油(富含n-6 PUFA)和亚麻籽油(富含n-3 PUFA)。ISO-C组和NC组的饲料含4%~5%的大豆油。各组裸鼠在用各自的试验饲料喂养1w后,将HPAF-Ⅱ胰腺癌细胞接种到胰腺内,继续该饲料喂养至第14w末。处死小鼠,取股四头肌和肝组织,用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析脂肪酸构成。结果骨骼肌和肝脏的脂肪酸构成在ISO-C组和NC组之间大致相同,以ISO-C组为对照组,我们发现小鼠骨骼肌脂肪酸的变化如下:(1)属于饱和脂肪酸的棕榈酸(C16:0)、十七烷酸(C17:0)、硬脂酸(C18:0)和花生酸(C20:0)的含量在SFA组增高(P<0.05);(2)属于单不饱和脂肪酸的油酸(C18:1)的含量在MUFA组增高(P<0.05);(3)属于n-6多不饱和脂肪酸的γ-亚麻酸(γC18:3)的含量在n-6 PUFA组增高(P<0.05);(4)属于n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的亚麻酸(C18:3)、二十碳五烯酸(C20:5)和二十二碳五烯酸(C22:5)的含量在n-3 PUFA组增高(P<0.05)。小鼠肝脏脂肪酸的构成结果显示:(1)饱和脂肪酸的含量在SFA组没有增高;(2)单不饱和脂肪酸中仅二十烯酸(C20:1)的含量在MUFA组增高(P<0.05);(3)n-6多不饱和脂肪酸二十碳二烯酸(C20:2)和花生四烯酸(C20:4)的含量在n-6 PUFA组增高(P<0.05);(4)亚麻酸(C18:3)、二十碳五烯酸(C20:5)、二十二碳五烯酸(C22:5)和二十二碳六烯酸(C22:6)的含量在n-3 PUFA组均增高(P<0.05)。结论荷瘤小鼠进食由不同类型脂肪酸组成的高脂膳食后,骨骼肌脂肪酸的构成反映了饲料脂肪酸的构成,而肝脏脂肪酸的构成与饲料脂肪酸的构成仅部分相同。
Objective To investigate the effects of high fat diet containing different types of fatty acids on fatty acid composition in skeletal muscle and liver cells of mice with pancreatic cancer. Methods Sixty healthy male C57BL / 6 nude mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: SFA group, MUFA group, n-6 PUFA group, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) group, an iso-energy control (ISO-C) group and a normal control (NC) group. Four high-fat diet groups were fed with four high-fat (15% g / 100g) feedstuffs, respectively. The fat sources were coconut oil (rich in SFA), olive oil (rich in MUFA), soybean oil 6 PUFA) and flaxseed oil (enriched in n-3 PUFA). ISO-C and NC group feed contains 4% to 5% of soybean oil. Nude mice of each group were inoculated with HPAF-II pancreatic cancer cells into the pancreas 1 week after feeding with their respective experimental diets, and the feeding was continued until the end of the 14th wk. Mice were sacrificed, quadriceps and liver tissues were taken and analyzed for fatty acid composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results The fatty acid composition of skeletal muscle and liver was roughly the same between the ISO-C group and the NC group. In the ISO-C group as a control group, we found that the changes of the skeletal muscle fatty acids in the mice are as follows: (1) (C16: 0), heptadecanoic acid (C17: 0), stearic acid (C18: 0) and arachidic acid (C20: 0) increased in SFA group (P < (3) The content of γ-linolenic acid (γC18: 3) belonging to n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid was higher in n-6 PUFA (C18: 3), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 5) and docosapentaenoic acid (C22: 3) were higher in the group of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids 5) increased in n-3 PUFA group (P <0.05). The results of liver fatty acid composition in mice showed that: (1) the content of saturated fatty acids was not increased in SFA group; (2) The content of monoacids in monounsaturated fatty acids was increased in MUFA group (P <0.05 ); (3) The content of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid icosadienoic acid (C20: 2) and arachidonic acid (C20: 4) increased in n-6 PUFA group (P < ) The content of linolenic acid (C18: 3), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 5), docosapentaenoic acid (C22: 5) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22: 6) -3 PUFA group were increased (P <0.05). Conclusion The composition of fatty acid in skeletal muscle reflects the composition of dietary fatty acids in mice bearing tumor-bearing mice fed a high-fat diet composed of different types of fatty acids, whereas the constitution of fatty acids in liver is only partially the same as that of feed fatty acids.