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礼乐盆地位于南海海域南部,拥有大面积深水区域,长期以来缺乏烃源岩生烃潜力方面的研究。在认识礼乐盆地构造—热演化特征的基础上,选用盆地内地震测线为研究对象,对盆地主要烃源岩热演化及生烃状态进行了研究。研究揭示:①礼乐盆地深水区烃源岩有机质热演化程度最高,现今已经达到生烃高峰,甚至湿气阶段,斜坡区热演化程度最低,尚未进入生烃阶段;②礼乐盆地白垩系烃源岩在深水区生烃潜力最大,与斜坡区存在量级差异;③礼乐盆地存在二次生烃过程,白垩系烃源岩的二次生烃发生在斜坡带和礼乐滩,古新统—始新统烃源岩的二次生烃发生在深水区。
The Ritual Basin is located in the southern part of the South China Sea with a large area of deep water and a long history of lack of potential for hydrocarbon generation. On the basis of understanding the tectonic-thermal evolution characteristics of the Liyue basin, the seismogenic survey line in the basin was selected as the research object to study the thermal evolution and hydrocarbon generation status of the main source rocks in the basin. The study revealed that: ① The source rocks of the Liyue Basin have the highest degree of thermal evolution of organic matter in the deep water area, reaching the peak of hydrocarbon generation or even the moisture stage at present. The thermal evolution in the slope area is the lowest and has not yet entered the hydrocarbon generation stage. ② The Cretaceous hydrocarbon Source rocks have the highest potential for hydrocarbon generation in the deepwater area, and there are differences in magnitude with the slope areas. (3) There are secondary hydrocarbon generation processes in the Li Le Basin, and secondary hydrocarbon generation of the Cretaceous source rocks occurs in the slope zone and Li Le Tan. The secondary hydrocarbon generation of the Eocene-Eocene source rocks occurred in the deepwater area.