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[目的]了解墨江县疟疾流行状况,为制定预防措施提供决策依据,最终达到基本消灭疟疾标准。[方法]对墨江县2001~2007年的疟疾发病监测资料进行分析。[结果]墨江县2001~2007年累计报告疟疾病人484例,按照累积人口2465916人计算,年均发病率为19.63/10万,无死亡病例;发病最多是2001年,全县350312人,发病172例,发病率为49.1/10万;发病最少是2007年,全县356 098人,发病15例,发病率为4.21/10万。不同年份间发病率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。全县18个乡镇均有发病,平均发病率最高的是龙坝乡82.25/10万,最低是龙潭乡,发病率为2.2/10万,不同地区间发病率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。传播媒介以微小按蚊为主。2001~2007年合计常住人口四热病人血检76 787人次,阳性率为0.45%,流动人口血检2 316人次,阳性率为12.44%。[结论]墨江县疟疾发病率逐年下降至2004年已达到部颁提出的基本消灭疟疾标准,疟疾流行明显得到遏制,当地疫情稳定,防制措施得当。
[Objective] To understand the epidemic situation of malaria in Mojiang County and provide decision-making basis for making preventive measures, finally meeting the standard of eliminating malaria. [Method] The monitoring data of malaria incidence in Mojiang County from 2001 to 2007 were analyzed. [Results] There were 484 malaria cases reported in Mojiang County from 2001 to 2007. According to the cumulative population of 2465916 people, the average annual incidence rate was 19.63 / 100 000, with no deaths. The incidence rate was up to 2001, the county had 350,312 and the incidence was 172 Cases, the incidence was 49.1 / 100,000; at least in 2007, the county 356 098 people, the incidence of 15 cases, the incidence was 4.21 / 100,000. The incidence of different years was statistically significant (P <0.01). The incidence of 18 towns and townships in the county were average. The highest average incidence rate was 82.25 / 100000 in Longba Township and the lowest was Longtan Township, with an incidence rate of 2.2 / 100,000. There was significant difference in the incidence rates among different regions (P < 0.01). The media is dominated by Anopheles. From 2001 to 2007, there were 76 787 blood tests of four patients with permanent resident population, with a positive rate of 0.45%. There were 2316 blood tests in floating population, with a positive rate of 12.44%. [Conclusion] The incidence of malaria in Mijiang County dropped year by year until 2004, which reached the basic standard of malaria elimination proposed by the ministry. The epidemic of malaria was obviously deterred. The epidemic situation in the area was stable and the appropriate prevention and control measures were taken.