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目的了解2009年新型甲型H1N1流感的主要临床特征。方法依据国家卫生部甲型H1N1流感诊疗方案试行版第三版诊断,将1起以发热、咳嗽等上呼吸道感染症状为主的疫情暴发202例患者的症状、体征及其中62例住院患者的实验室检查及影像学检查结果进行统计,归纳此次新型甲型H1N1流感患者的主要临床特征。结果调查202例患者中,发热是最普遍的全身表现,其中低热52例占25.74%,中等程度发热99例占49.01%,高热51例占25.25%;局部症状中以咳嗽为最常见占77.23%;患者有乏力49.5%、头痛49.5%、头晕47.52%、咽痛47.52%、流鼻涕47.03%、鼻塞45.05%、打喷嚏40.59%;四肢酸痛和腰背酸痛分别占28.71%、36.63%;62例住院患者中外周血白细胞异常者14例,淋巴细胞异常者29例,肝功能ALT轻度升高6例,胸片有肺部感染者4例,心电图异常者2例。结论此次甲型H1N1流感的全身中毒症状主要以发热、乏力、头痛、头晕、四肢和腰背酸痛等为主,局部症状以咽痛、流鼻涕、鼻塞、打喷嚏为主,血常规可有异常,并发细菌感染时胸片异常,心脏、肝脏受累的较少。
Objective To understand the main clinical features of 2009 new type A (H1N1) flu. Methods According to the third edition of the trial of Influenza A H1N1 Influenza Treatment and Treatment Program of the Ministry of Health, the symptoms and signs of 202 outbreaks of patients with fever, cough and other upper respiratory tract infection were investigated. Among them, 62 cases of inpatients Room examination and imaging findings statistics, summed up the main clinical features of the new type A H1N1 influenza patients. Results Of the 202 patients surveyed, fever was the most common systemic manifestation. Among them, 52 were low fever (25.74%), moderate fever (99.0%), high fever (25.25%), and local symptoms were cough (77.23% 49.5% of patients had headache, 49.5% of headache, 47.52% of dizziness, 47.52% of sore throat, 47.03% of runny nose, 45.05% of nasal obstruction and 40.59% of sneezing. The limb pain and back pain accounted for 28.71% and 36.63% respectively. Among the hospitalized patients, there were 14 cases of peripheral leucocyte abnormalities, 29 cases of abnormal lymphocytes, 6 cases of mild ALT of liver function, 4 cases of lung infection in chest X-ray and 2 cases of abnormal electrocardiogram. Conclusion The symptoms of systemic H1N1 influenza are mainly fever, fatigue, headache, dizziness, limbs and back pain, local symptoms with sore throat, runny nose, stuffy nose, sneezing, blood may have Abnormal, concurrent bacterial infection chest X-ray abnormalities, less heart, liver involvement.