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目的探讨家兔面神经颅外段的主干及分支特点。方法健康家兔15只,在显微镜下解剖家兔面神经,并对其形态特点进行观测。结果家兔面神经出茎乳孔后分出耳后支、二腹肌支、茎突舌骨肌支及面神经主干。兔面神经主干在面部的分支有颞支、颧支、颊支、下颌缘支和颈支,其中颧支与颊支关系密切,走行过程中合成一干,然后在口角后缘分离。结论家兔面神经颧支与颊支在耳廓下缘前部位到口角后缘之间,分支少,神经干较粗,便于进行面神经缺损修复动物模型的建立。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of the trunk and branches of the extracranial facial nerve in rabbits. Methods Fifteen healthy rabbits were anatomized rabbit facial nerve under the microscope and their morphological characteristics were observed. Results Rabbit facial nerve out of the stylomastoid hole after the ear posterior branch, abdominal muscle branch, stylohyoid branch and facial nerve trunk. Rabbit facial nerve trunk branches in the face of the temporal branch, zygomatic branch, buccal branch, mandibular margin and neck support, which is close to the zygomatic branch and buccal branch, walking synthesis of a dry, and then separated at the posterior edge of the mouth. Conclusion The facial nerve zygomatic branch and buccal branch of rabbits are located between the anterior margin of the lower edge of the auricle and the posterior margin of the auricle, with few branches and thicker neural stems, which facilitates the establishment of an animal model of facial nerve defect repair.