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司汤达(1783～1842年)是法国以及整个欧洲批判现实主义文学的奠基人之一。他的代表作《红与黑》是欧洲文学史上第一部批判现实主义长篇小说,作品的思想高度和人物典型化深度,是同时代任何一部小说所未能达到的。作者的素材有现实根据,它是一个真实的恋爱悲剧。司汤达以1827年《司法公报》上登载的一个家庭教师杀害女主人的社会新闻必情节基础,进行大量的艺术加工,注入自己对复辟时期法国社会阶级矛盾的认识,创作了这部具有浓厚政治色彩和时代色彩的长篇小说——《红与黑》。
Stendhal (1783 ~ 1842) is one of the founders of the critical realist literature in France and throughout Europe. His masterpiece “Red and Black” is the first critical realism novels in the history of European literature. The height of his works and characters’ typicalization are not reached by any novel of the same era. The author’s material has a realistic basis, it is a true love tragedy. Stendhal, basing himself on the necessary episode of social news about the killing of hostess, published in the “Judicial Communique” of 1827, carried out a great deal of artistic processing and infused his understanding of the class contradictions in the French society during the restoration period, The Color of Politics and Times - “Red and Black”.