无损探伤在我国是一门较新的技术,在解放前和解放初期“无损探伤”这个名词是很少为人所知晓的。我国工业上约在1954年才开始应用无损探伤技术,至今也仅有十年左右的历史。在这段时间中,我国无损探伤工作的发展是极为迅速的,取得的成绩也是巨大的。例如:利用射线照相法检验焊缝,在锅炉、压力容器、造船等工业中已成为一种普遍不可缺少的检验手段,重要的产品必须有合格的X线底片才能出厂。又如在汽轮机和大型发电机的制造中,目前亦已普遍采用超声探伤法检查转子、叶轮、轴类等大型锻件。在动力机械制造和军工部门中亦多采用磁粉探伤法检查零件表面和近表面的缺陷。这些都是无损探伤在我国工业中应用得较为成熟的典型例子。在生产检验中起到了极为重要的作用。除此以外,我国的无损探伤 Nondestructive testing is a relatively new technology in our country. Before liberation and early liberation, the term “nondestructive testing” was rarely known. China’s industry began to apply NDT technology in about 1954, and it has only about 10 years of history. During this period of time, the development of non-destructive testing in our country has been extremely rapid and the achievements made have been enormous. For example, the use of radiographic examination of weld seams has become a common and indispensable test method in boilers, pressure vessels, shipbuilding and other industries. Important products must have qualified X-ray film to be shipped. Another example in the manufacture of steam turbines and large generators, ultrasonic testing has also been widely used to check the rotor, impeller, shaft and other large forgings. In the power machinery manufacturing and military departments also use magnetic particle inspection method to check the parts surface and near surface defects. These are non-destructive testing in China’s industrial application of more mature typical example. In the production test has played an extremely important role. In addition, our non-destructive testing