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为了研究设施番茄连作土壤理化性状、土壤微生物数量变化及相应连作地块种植番茄病虫害发生情况,采集连作番茄0(CK)、1、3、5、和8年的日光温室土壤样品,对其相关理化性状和微生物数量进行测定,并统计相应地块种植番茄的病虫害发生情况。结果表明,设施番茄土壤pH值、土壤容重随连作茬次增加呈下降趋势;土壤电导率和土壤有机质含量随连作茬次增加而上升;土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾在连作初期,含量均升高,之后,速效磷、速效钾缓慢下降,而碱解氮继续上升。土壤细菌和放线菌数量随种植茬次增加呈先升高后降低趋势,而真菌数量不断增加,连作8年的土壤真菌数量较对照增加183.79%。通过拉秧前综合抗病性指标的考核,各处理随连作茬次的增加感病程度不断加剧,根结线虫感染程度亦表现为相同的变化。
In order to study the physical and chemical properties of soil, the change of soil microorganisms and the occurrence of tomato pests and diseases in the continuous cropping plots, soil samples of solar greenhouse with 0, 1, 3, 5, and 8 years of continuous cropping tomato were collected and correlated Physical and chemical properties and the number of microorganisms were measured, and the corresponding block plots planted tomato pests and diseases. The results showed that soil pH value and soil bulk density of tomato plant decreased with continuous cropping up. Soil electrical conductivity and soil organic matter content increased with successive cropping up. Soil alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were in the early stage of continuous cropping. After that, available phosphorus and available potassium decreased slowly, while the amount of available nitrogen continued to rise. The number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting stubble, while the number of fungi increased continuously. The quantity of soil fungi in continuous cropping for eight years increased by 183.79% compared with the control. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the comprehensive disease resistance index of seedlings before transplanting, the severity of the disease increased with the succession of continuous cropping. The infection of root-knot nematodes also showed the same change.