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以典型的深部强冲击危险矿井为背景,通过对“顶板-煤层”结构体受力状态的分析,建立从区域应力协调到局部应力控制的以“顶板-煤层”结构体稳定性为基础,以应力控制为中心的多场应力控制防冲技术体系,通过数值模拟和理论分析对现场的区段煤柱留设宽度、巷道断面尺寸及布置方法、煤层卸压爆破及大钻孔卸压等区域应力协调和局部应力控制技术手段的相关参数进行优化设计。研究发现,对于强冲击危险工作面,区段煤柱留设宽度在3~4 m时对冲击地压防治有力;大断面沿顶巷道布置方式更有利于冲击地压的防治,但当断面尺寸增大到一定程度时其应力控制防冲效果趋于稳定。煤层卸压爆破应根据卸压位置的不同在爆孔深度、封孔长度等参数上进行动态调整,大钻孔卸压采用孔深30 m,孔径130 mm,孔间距1.2 m参数时,应力控制防冲效果最为明显。
Based on the analysis of the stress state of “roof - coal seam ” structure, taking the typical deep strong impact hazard mine as an example, the stability of “roof - coal seam” structure from regional stress coordination to local stress control is established. Based on stress control as the center of the multi-field stress control technology system, by numerical simulation and theoretical analysis of the site of the section of the coal pillar left width, roadway section size and layout method, the pressure relief blasting and large borehole Pressure relief and other regional stress coordination and local stress control techniques to optimize the design of the relevant parameters. The study found that for the high-impact working face, the reserved pillar width of the section coal pillars is very effective in preventing and controlling the rock burst, while the arrangement of the large-section and top roadway is more conducive to the prevention and control of rockburst. However, Increased to a certain extent, its stress control anti-impact effect tends to be stable. The pressure relief blasting of coal seam should be dynamically adjusted according to the different positions of pressure relief on the parameters such as the depth of detonating hole and length of sealing hole. When the pressure of large borehole is 30 m with the hole diameter of 130 mm and the hole spacing of 1.2 m, the stress control Anti-scouring effect is the most obvious.