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目的探讨生命早期氟、砷单独及联合暴露对大鼠子代空间学习记忆能力的影响。方法将48只新出生SPF级SD雄性大鼠随机分为对照(自来水)组、氟(100 mg/L氟化钠)染毒组、砷(75 mg/L亚砷酸钠)染毒组和联合(100 mg/L氟化钠+75 mg/L亚砷酸钠)染毒组,每组12只。从受孕第0天至仔鼠生后21 d(postnatal day 21,PND21),孕鼠采用自由饮水方式进行染毒;自PND22(断乳后)~PND42,仔鼠采用自由饮水方式继续染毒。采用Morris水迷宫实验测试PND21和PND42仔鼠的空间学习记忆能力。结果砷染毒组和联合染毒组PND21和PND42仔鼠逃避潜伏期(第4天)均显著长于对照组(P<0.05),联合染毒组PND42仔鼠逃避潜伏期(第4天)显著长于氟和砷染毒组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,氟、砷及联合染毒组PND21和PND42仔鼠的首次达台时间明显延长,目标象限时间明显缩短(P<0.05),PND42仔鼠穿台次数明显少于对照组(P<0.05)。氟、砷染毒组以及联合染毒组PND21与PND42仔鼠的逃避潜伏期、首次达台时间、目标象限时间、穿台次数比较,差异均无统计学意义。结论生命早期氟、砷单独及联合暴露可损伤仔鼠空间学习记忆能力。
Objective To investigate the effects of fluoride and arsenic alone and in combination on the spatial learning and memory of offspring in early life. Methods 48 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) SD rats were randomly divided into control (tap water) group, fluoride (100 mg / L sodium fluoride) and arsenic (75 mg / L sodium arsenite) Combination (100 mg / L sodium fluoride + 75 mg / L sodium arsenite) exposure group, 12 rats in each group. From day 0 of pregnancy to postnatal day 21 (PND21), pregnant rats were exposed to free water. From PND22 (post-weaning) to PND42, the offspring continued to receive the drug by free water. Morris water maze test was used to test the spatial learning and memory of PND21 and PND42 offspring. Results The escape latency (P <0.05) of PND21 and PND42 offspring in arsenite-treated and co-exposed groups were significantly longer than that in control group (P <0.05) And arsenic exposure group (P <0.05). Compared with the control group, the first up-time of PND21 and PND42 offspring in fluoride, arsenic and combined exposure groups was significantly prolonged, the target quadrant time was significantly shorter (P <0.05), and the number of PND42 offspring passage was significantly less than that in control group P <0.05). In the fluoride and arsenic-exposed group and the co-exposed group, there was no significant difference in the escape latency, the first time to reach the target station, the target quadrant time and the passage times between PND21 and PND42 offspring. Conclusion Both fluoride and arsenic alone and in combination can impair the spatial learning and memory ability of offspring in early life.