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目的评估晚发型胎儿生长受限(FGR)婴幼儿的生长发育及智力发育状况。方法收集2011-2013年南京医科大学附属南京妇幼保健院100例晚发型FGR婴幼儿作为研究对象,同期随机抽取100例正常分娩体重婴幼儿纳入对照组。根据FGR胎儿出生体重分为两组,A组(35例)为出生体重低于同孕龄的第5百分位数(包括第5百分位数);B组(65例)为出生体重在同孕龄的第5~10百分位数之间。对婴幼儿出生时及生后3、6、9、12、18个月的体重、身长、头围等数据进行回顾性分析,并通过Gesell发育诊断法进行智力状况评估。结果 100例FGR婴幼儿生长发育有追赶生长现象,其体格发育及智力评估发育商数(DQ)均明显落后于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组和B组FGR婴幼儿生长发育指标出生时有明显差异(P<0.05),随着月龄增长,差异逐渐无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 FGR儿和正常出生体重儿之间体格发育和智力发育均有差异,FGR儿生长发育有追赶生长现象,应加强对FGR婴幼儿的早期干预及健康监护。
Objective To evaluate the growth and intellectual development of infants with late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods 100 late-onset FGR infants and young children from Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University during 2011-2013 were recruited. 100 infants of normal birth weight were randomly assigned to the control group. According to FGR fetal birth weight divided into two groups, A group (35 cases) birth weight less than the 5th percentile with the same gestational age (including the 5th percentile); B group (65 cases) birth weight Between the 5th and 10th percentiles of the same gestational age. The infants’ births and postnatal days 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months were analyzed retrospectively on body weight, length, head circumference and other data, and the mental status was assessed by Gesell’s developmental diagnosis. Results The growth and development of 100 FGR infants and young children were chasing after growth. The physical development and IQ (DQ) of the infants and young children were significantly lower than those of the control group (P <0.05). The growth and development of FGR infants in groups A and B were significantly different at birth (P <0.05). There was no significant difference with age (P> 0.05). Conclusion There is a difference in physical development and mental development between FGR children and normal birth weight children. Growth and development of FGR children catch up with growth and should be strengthened early intervention and health care for FGR infants and toddlers.