为了解新生儿感染巨细胞病毒检测方法的可靠性，本文用ＥＬＩＳＡ法筛１８１８例孕妇，查出ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性４６例，并以５０例ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阴性作为对照组，在其分娩时用ＰＣＲ检测脐血、新生儿血、新生儿尿中ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ，用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测血清ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ。结果显示对照组两种方法均为阴性，实验组ＥＬＩＳＡ法阳性率５％，ＰＣＲ法阳性率２７％有显著差异。两种方法比较ＰＣＲ法具有高度特异性和敏感性。并提出先天性ＣＭＶ感染应对同一新生儿采用脐血、新生儿血、新生儿尿等多种类型标本同时作ＰＣＲ检测。其阳性机率更高。 In order to understand the reliability of detection of neonatal cytomegalovirus infection, 1818 pregnant women were screened by ELISA, 46 cases were positive for CMV-IgM, and 50 cases were negative for CMV-IgM. At the time of delivery, CMV-DNA in umbilical cord blood, neonatal blood and neonatal urine was measured, and serum CMV-IgM was measured by ELISA. The results showed that the control group were negative for both methods. The positive rate of ELISA in the experimental group was 5%, and the positive rate of PCR was 27%. The two methods are highly specific and sensitive to PCR. And congenital CMV infection should be applied to the same newborn using cord blood, newborn blood, newborn urine and other types of specimens at the same time for PCR detection. Its positive probability is higher.