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作为沟通陆架边缘海与开放大洋的北太平洋西边界流,黑潮对毗邻中国陆架海域碳循环有着不可忽视的影响。分析总结了黑潮与毗邻陆架海域海水中溶解有机碳(DOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)、溶解无机碳(DIC)和颗粒无机碳(PIC)分布与交换的现有研究成果。分析表明,黑潮通过表层水涡旋、入侵以及次表层以下水体上涌等形式携碳进入毗邻陆架海域。在黑潮与毗邻陆架海域,DOC和POC的分布受生物活动、水团混合以及沉积物—水界面相互作用的共同影响,表层与陆架水中含量较高,DIC受海水碳酸盐体系平衡影响,表层含量低于底层,在陆架海域与上升流区有高值,PIC含量较低。在台湾东北海域,DOC,POC和DIC由东海陆架海域向黑潮有净输出,输出量分别为2 431×109,1 051×109和21 733×109mol C/a,PIC通过陆架源悬浮颗粒物向黑潮主流输送,通量为1 852×109mol C/a。DOC,POC和PIC由南海经吕宋海峡向黑潮有净输出,输出量分别为2 652×109,1 009×109和230×109mol C/a,但DIC由黑潮向南海有净输出,通量为13 005×109mol C/a。台湾海峡碳循环受黑潮输运的影响,但影响机制及过程至今并不清楚。因此,黑潮与毗邻陆架海域的碳交换过程研究还有若干重大科学问题亟待解决,尚需深入系统的研究。
The Kuroshio, as the western Pacific border flow communicating the marginal sea and the open ocean of shelves, has a significant impact on the carbon cycle adjacent to the continental shelf in China. The existing research results on the distribution and exchange of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) in the seawater of Kuroshio and adjacent continental shelf waters were analyzed and summarized. The analysis shows that the Kuroshio carried carbon into the adjacent continental shelf by vortexes and invasion of surface water and upwelling of water bodies below the subsurface. In the Kuroshio and adjacent shelf waters, the DOC and POC distributions are influenced by biological activities, water mass mixing, and sediment-water interface interactions, with high concentrations in the surface and shelf waters. DIC is affected by the balance of seawater carbonate systems, The content of surface layer is lower than that of the bottom layer, and there is a high value in shelf waters and upwelling areas with low PIC content. In northeastern Taiwan, DOC, POC and DIC had a net output of Kuroshio from the East China Sea shelf waters with output of 2 431 × 109, 1 051 × 109 and 21 733 × 109 mol C / a, respectively. The PIC derived from the suspended particulate matter The mainstream of the Kuroshio delivery, the flux of 1 852 × 109mol C / a. DOC, POC and PIC were net exported to Kuroshio from the South China Sea via the Luzon Strait, with output of 2 652 × 109, 1 009 × 109 and 230 × 109 mol C / a, respectively. However, DIC produced net output from Kuroshio to the South China Sea, Flux of 13 005 × 109mol C / a. The carbon cycle in the Taiwan Strait is affected by the Kuroshio transport, but the mechanism and process of its impact are not clear up to now. Therefore, there are still some important scientific issues to be solved in the study of the carbon exchange process between the Kuroshio and adjacent continental shelf areas, and further studies are needed in depth.