【摘 要】
：
Elevated temperature could influence the sex differentiation by altering the expression of sex-related genes in fish. However, the underlying mechanisms by which the gene expres-sion is altered remain poorly understood. Here, we aimed to explore the role
【机 构】
：
Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution,School of Life
论文部分内容阅读
Elevated temperature could influence the sex differentiation by altering the expression of sex-related genes in fish. However, the underlying mechanisms by which the gene expres-sion is altered remain poorly understood. Here, we aimed to explore the role of DNA methy-lation in sex differentiation of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in response to elevated temperature. The results showed that high temperature (33℃) exposure of fish from 20 to 30 days post fertilization (dpf), compared to normal temperature (28℃), resulted in male-biased sex ra-tio and decreased expression of female-related genes including cyp19a1a, sox9b and esr1. Meanwhile, the expressions of DNA methyltransferases dnmt3a1 and dnmt3a2, and the DNA methylation levels in sox9b and esr1 promoter were significantly increased by high tem-perature, strongly implying that DNA methylation is involved in high temperature-induced masculinization of zebrafish. Co-treatment with 5-aza-2\'-deoxycytidine (a DNA methylation inhibitor) attenuated the high temperature-induced masculinizing effect, recovered the ex-pression of esr1 and sox9b, suppressed the transcription of dnmt3a1 and dnmt3a2, and de-creased the methylation of esr1 and sox9b promoter, further confirming that DNA methy-lation plays an important role in high temperature-induced masculinization of zebrafish. Furthermore, the methylation of sox9b promoter decreased the enrichment of transcription factor CREB (cAMP-responsive element binding proteins). Overall, these findings suggest that high temperature induce masculinization of zebrafish by down-regulation of female-related genes via DNA methylation, providing a new insight in understanding the epigenetic mechanism of thermal-mediated sex differentiation in fish.
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