在现在流行的和为多数人所接受的文艺学中,包括小说在内的文学创作被认为是作家对于人及其周围世界的审美反映,而这种审美反映的途径、方法则是多种多样的.它可以通过人和人的外貌、行动、社会生活事件,也可以通过周围及整个外部世界在人的感官、大脑、心灵产生的直觉、感知、记忆、印象、联想、情感、思维等复杂的心理活动来实现,既可以采用“按其本来面目” Among literary studies nowadays popular and accepted by the majority, the literary creation including the novels is considered as the aesthetic reflection of the writer for the people and the world around them, and the ways and methods of aesthetic reflection are varied It can be complicated by human and human appearance, actions, social life events, intuitions, perceptions, memories, impressions, associations, emotions, thoughts, etc. that can also be produced in the human senses, brain, mind through the surroundings and the entire external world Of psychological activity to achieve, either by “according to its true colors”