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目的:通过对玉树州医院肺结核患者进行筛查分型统计分析,找出其发病的一般规律及其特点。方法:收集2005年1月—2008年12月临床细菌学和常规胸片确诊结核病1 398例进行X胸片分型讨论。结果:Ⅰ型结核117例(8.42%);Ⅱ型结核169例(12.16%);Ⅲ型结核762例(54.85%);Ⅳ型结核300例(21.60%);Ⅴ型结核41例(2.951%)。藏族肺结核检出率高于汉族,从性别上看男性发病明显高于女性。结论:玉树地区结核病总体发病呈现递减的过程。由于流动人口的存在结核病防治发生了根本性变化,提示在制定结核病防控策略的时候必须把流动人群作为一个重要因素;加强医防合作,特别是防治部门主动与工商部门协同做好定期排查工作,建立奖励举报制度,加强结核病知识健康教育普及,是降低玉树地区结核病的有效措施。
OBJECTIVE: To screen and analyze the typing of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Yushu Prefecture Hospital to find out the general rules and their characteristics of onset. Methods: A total of 1 398 cases of clinical bacteriology and routine chest X-ray confirmed tuberculosis from January 2005 to December 2008 were collected for X-ray classification. Results: Type Ⅰ tuberculosis was found in 117 cases (8.42%), type Ⅱ tuberculosis in 169 cases (12.16%), type Ⅲ tuberculosis in 762 cases (54.85%), type Ⅳ tuberculosis in 300 cases (21.60%), type V tuberculosis in 41 cases (2.951% ). The detection rate of Tibetan tuberculosis is higher than that of Han people, and the incidence of male is obviously higher than that of women in terms of gender. Conclusion: The overall incidence of tuberculosis in Yushu area showed a decreasing process. Due to the existence of floating population, there have been fundamental changes in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis, suggesting that the floating population should be an important factor in formulating tuberculosis prevention and control strategies. Strengthening medical cooperation and prevention, in particular, the prevention and control departments should take the initiative to work with the commercial and industrial departments to conduct regular inspection work , Establishing reward reporting system and strengthening popularization of health education on tuberculosis knowledge are effective measures to reduce tuberculosis in Yushu area.