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本研究对四倍体小麦与农艺性状关系密切的数量性状位点 (QTL)进行分析和作图。利用二粒小麦 (T .dicoccoides)HermonH5 2和栽培品种langdon (T .durum)杂种F2 中的 15 0个单株进行作图。建立了显性、共显性两种以PCR为基础的分子框架图模型。该图谱超过 30 0 0cM ,覆盖整个基因组。分析了 11个重要农艺性状 :株高 (HT) ,抽穗期 (HD) ,单株穗数(SNP) ,每穗小穗数 (SLS) ,单株穗重 (SWP) ,单穗重 (SSW ) ,单株粒数 (KNP) ,单穗粒数 (KNS) ,小穗粒数 (KNL) ,百粒重(GWH) ,和单株籽粒产量 (YLD)。运用新的计算机软件MultiQTL分析处理单个QTL ,11个性状共检测到 4 9个QTL位点。每个性状的QTL数目从 2个 (HT)到 7个 (GWH)不等。所有的QTLs通过统计检验在 5 %或更高的水平上达到显著 ;正态检验表明大多数QTLs是真实存在。这些QTL主要分布在四条染色体上的 6个区域 ,并不是在染色体上随机分布 ,其中与 11个性状有关的 2 3个主要QTLs,一半以上分布在 2A和 5A上的 3个区域 ,而且许多QTLs排列在非常短的染色体片段上 (小于 5cM )。在T .dicoccoides中发现一些有利隐蔽等位基因。这一研究说明T .dicoccoides在小麦改良中是一个珍贵的种质资源 ,对它进行研究 ,能加快小麦的遗传分析 ,促进T .dicoccoides中有利基因向?
In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTLs), which are closely related to agronomic traits in tetraploid wheat, were analyzed and mapped. A total of 150 plant species from T. dicoccoides Hermon H5 2 and cultivars langdon (T. durum) F2 were used for mapping. A dominant and co-dominant molecular framework map model based on PCR was established. The map exceeds 30 0 cM, covering the entire genome. Eleven important agronomic traits were analyzed: height (HT), heading date (HD), number of panicles per panicle (SNP), number of spikelets per panicle (SWS), SWP per panicle ), KNP, KNS, KNL, GWH, and YLD. A single QTL was analyzed and processed using the new computer software MultiQTL. A total of 49 QTL loci were detected in 11 traits. The number of QTLs per trait varied from 2 (HT) to 7 (GWH). All QTLs achieved significant levels of 5% or higher by statistical tests; normality tests indicated that most QTLs were real. These QTLs were mainly distributed in 6 regions on four chromosomes and were not randomly distributed on chromosomes. Among them, 23 major QTLs related to 11 traits were distributed in 3 regions on 2A and 5A, and more than half were QTLs Arranged on very short chromosome segments (less than 5 cM). Some favorable cryptic alleles were found in T. dicoccoides. This study shows that T. dicoccoides is a precious germplasm resource in wheat improvement. Studies on it can speed up the genetic analysis of wheat and promote the favorable genes in T. dicoccoides.