目的了解浙江省宁波市小学生吸烟行为及相关因素,为青少年控烟提供指导和依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,对11所小学4 336名学生进行问卷调查。结果曾经尝试吸烟的小学生为640人,吸烟尝试率为14.9%,<9岁就尝试吸烟的学生为74.2%,68.4%的小学生尝试吸第1支烟的原因是好奇;学生伙伴吸烟发现率为16.9%,小学生在家庭中的被动吸烟暴露率为73.7%,教师吸烟被学生发现率为29.1%;男生、年龄增大、健康知识知晓率较低、伙伴吸烟率较高、近1周中学校和家中被动吸烟暴露率较高、控烟宣传资料接触较少、接受知识培训较少是小学生尝试吸烟的危险因素。结论小学生吸烟尝试率较高,尝试吸烟的年龄小,对吸烟成瘾及危害性的认识不足,小学生周围人群吸烟的比例高,小学生控烟形势严峻。 Objective To understand the smoking behaviors and related factors of primary school students in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, and provide guidance and basis for tobacco control among adolescents. Methods A multistage randomized cluster sampling method was used to survey 4 336 students in 11 primary schools. Results There were 640 pupils who had tried smoking before, 14.9% of them tried to smoke, 74.2% of those who tried to smoke at 9 years of age, and 68.4% of the pupils tried to smoke the first cigarette was curious. The smoking prevalence rate of pupils was 16.9%, primary school students in the family of passive smoking exposure rate was 73.7%, the teacher smoking was detected by students was 29.1%; boys, older, lower awareness of health knowledge, higher smoking partners, nearly 1 week secondary schools and At home, passive smoking exposure rate is higher, exposure to tobacco control materials less exposure to less knowledge training is a risk factor for primary school students trying to smoke. Conclusions Primary school students have a high rate of smoking attempts, younger age of attempting to smoke, lack of understanding of smoking addiction and harmfulness, high proportion of people smoking around the pupils, and severe tobacco control among pupils.