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胰癌的早期,由于缺乏特异的临床症状加上胰腺位于腹膜后的解剖学特点,其诊断是很困难的。但近年来由于出现了许多诊断方法,以致早期病例也能够发现。本文将概括地介绍最近日本胰癌诊断和治疗的进展情况。一、诊断的进步据日本人口动态统计,胰癌的死亡人数每年都有增加,1981年为1950年的15.7倍,在恶性肿瘤中其死亡顺序在胃癌、肺癌、肝癌之后占第4位,其死亡数增加的原因,除胰癌本身增加外,主要是近年来诊断方法有了进步,许多新的检查方法的综合使用,大大地提高了诊断率。这些检查方法,大致可分为生化学诊断法和形态学的影像诊断法。
In the early stages of pancreatic cancer, diagnosis is difficult because of the lack of specific clinical symptoms and the anatomical features of the pancreas behind the retroperitoneum. However, due to the emergence of many diagnostic methods in recent years, early cases can be found. This article will provide an overview of recent progress in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer in Japan. First, the progress of diagnosis According to Japan’s population statistics, the death toll of pancreatic cancer has increased every year. In 1981, it was 15.7 times that in 1950. In malignant tumors, the death order ranked fourth after gastric cancer, lung cancer, and liver cancer. The reasons for the increase in the number of deaths, in addition to the increase in pancreatic cancer itself, mainly in recent years, diagnostic methods have progressed, the comprehensive use of many new inspection methods, greatly improving the diagnostic rate. These inspection methods can be broadly classified into biochemical diagnosis methods and morphological image diagnosis methods.