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龙胆科穿心草属植物在多个国家和地区的传统医药中广泛应用,印度与我国的多个地区将该属植物用来治疗癫痫、神经衰弱、肝炎、骨折、蛇虫咬伤等疾病。该属植物中的化学成分主要有口山酮、三萜、黄酮、类固醇等。现代药理研究证明该属药用植物粗提物及单体化合物具有抗菌、抗炎、保肝等多种生物活性,对中枢神经系统亦有一定的作用。本文系统综述了该属药用植物传统知识、化学成分及药理作用的研究进展,以期为该属植物的进一步开发利用提供参考。
Gentianaceae is widely used in traditional medicine in many countries and regions. India and many parts of China use this genus to treat epilepsy, neurasthenia, hepatitis, fracture, snakebite and other diseases . The chemical composition of the genus are mainly flavonoids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, steroids and so on. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that this is a medicinal plant extracts and monomeric compounds with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, liver and other biological activity, the central nervous system also has a role. This article systematically reviews the research progress on the traditional knowledge, chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of medicinal plants, in order to provide reference for the further development and utilization of this genus.