晚清商业七十年──一百年前中国商业的重大变迁王相钦１８４０年鸦片战争至１９１１年清王朝被推翻的约七十年间，中国历史上称之为晚清。在晚清时期，通过鸦片战争，甲午战争等一系列侵略战争，外国资本主义国家以武力打开了中国的大门。在外国资本主义的影响下，中国的... Business in the Late Qing Dynasty 70 Years—One Thousand Years before the Great Changes in China’s Commerce Wang Xiangqin The opium war in 1840 until the Qing Dynasty was overthrown in 1911. In the history of China, it was called the late Qing Dynasty. In the late Qing Dynasty, through a series of wars of aggression such as the Opium War and the Sino-Japanese War, foreign capitalist countries opened China’s door with force. Under the influence of foreign capitalism, China’s...