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通过近十几年的数学教学,笔者深刻意识到培养学生的推理能力是初中数学教学活动的重要组成部分,同时也是难点。但是学生这方面的能力却比较差,因此,在教学活动中培养学生的推理能力就显得尤为重要。在新课标中,推理包括“合情推理”与“演绎推理”。从已有的事实出发,经过严密地逻辑推理得出一系列定理和结论的推理称为演绎推理。从已有的事实出发,经过实验观察、分析比较、类比联想、归纳猜测的推理称为合情推理。
Through nearly a dozen years of mathematics teaching, I deeply realized that cultivating students’ reasoning ability is an important part of junior high school mathematics teaching activities and also a difficult point. However, students ’ability in this area is relatively poor. Therefore, it is particularly important to cultivate students’ reasoning ability in teaching activities. In the new curriculum standard, reasoning includes “reasonable reasoning ” and “deductive reasoning ”. Proceeding from the existing facts, the reasoning of a series of theorems and conclusions through close logical reasoning is called deductive reasoning. From the existing facts, through experimental observation, analysis and comparison, analogy, deductive reasoning reasoning is the merging reasoning.