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目的分析宁波市2005年～2009年出生缺陷监测数据,了解宁波地区出生缺陷发生情况、影响因素及产前诊断情况。方法在宁波市各级各类医疗保健机构内住院分娩围产儿及<28周因诊断出生缺陷而终止妊娠的治疗性引产儿中,连续监测2005年～2009年出生缺陷的发生情况、相关因素及产前诊断情况。结果 5年监测367 175例围产儿,出生缺陷发生率为139.88/万,2009年有上升;前三位分别为先天性心脏病、肢体畸形,唇腭裂;男婴的出生缺陷发生率高于女婴;居住在城镇的出生缺陷发生率高于居住在乡村的;双胎及多胎的出生缺陷发生率高于单胎;孕母年龄>35岁,出生缺陷发生率明显增高;出生缺陷的产前诊断率为34.34%,相对较高的是脑积水、神经管畸形、腹腔的出生缺陷及唐氏综合征。结论加强出生缺陷一级预防和二级预防,能有效降低围产儿出生缺陷发生率,减少残疾儿出生;应进一步提高产前诊断水平。
Objective To analyze the surveillance data of birth defects in Ningbo City from 2005 to 2009 and investigate the occurrence, influencing factors and prenatal diagnosis of birth defects in Ningbo. Methods The incidence of birth defects in 2005 ~ 2009 and the related factors were observed in hospitalized delivery and perinatal children in all kinds of health care institutions in Ningbo and therapeutic termination of pregnancy <28 weeks after diagnosis of birth defects Prenatal diagnosis. Results A total of 367 175 perinatal children were monitored over a 5-year period. The incidence of birth defects was 139.88 per 10 000 and increased in 2009. The top three were congenital heart disease, limb deformity and cleft lip and palate. The incidence of birth defects was higher in boys than in girls The incidence of birth defects in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. The incidence of birth defects in twins and multiple births was higher than that in single births. The age at birth was 35 years old and the incidence of birth defects was significantly higher. The diagnosis rate was 34.34%. Relatively high rates of hydrocephalus, neural tube defects, birth defects in abdominal cavity and Down’s syndrome. Conclusion The primary prevention and secondary prevention of birth defects are strengthened, which can effectively reduce the incidence of birth defects in perinatal children and reduce the birth of disabled children. The level of prenatal diagnosis should be further improved.