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目的对ICU患者肺部感染的危险因素进行分析,制定相应的护理对策,为临床资料提供参考依据。方法以医院2010-2012年ICU行机械通气228例重症患者作为研究对象,比较其基本资料、护理方式、治疗方案等,分析肺部感染的危险因素,并制定相应的护理对策,采用SPSS15.0软件对所得数据进行统计处理及分析。结果 228例患者中共有121例发生肺部感染,感染率53.07%,患者的性别、年龄≥60岁、气管切开、机械通气时间≥1周、抗菌药物使用、接受雾化吸入、留置胃管、未住单间ICU以及吸烟史>5年与肺部感染关系密切,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 ICU患者经机械通气后肺部感染受多种危险因素影响,在护理过程中应有针对性的避免可能导致感染的因素,有效预防控制肺部感染的发生。
Objective To analyze the risk factors of pulmonary infection in ICU patients and to develop corresponding nursing strategies to provide reference for clinical data. Methods A total of 228 intensive care patients admitted to the ICU from 2010 to 2012 in the hospital were enrolled in this study. The basic data, nursing methods, treatment options and so on were compared to analyze the risk factors of pulmonary infection and to develop corresponding nursing strategies. SPSS15.0 Software on the data for statistical processing and analysis. Results A total of 121 out of 228 patients were infected with pulmonary infection, the infection rate was 53.07%. The patient’s gender, age ≥60 years, tracheotomy, mechanical ventilation for more than 1 week, antimicrobial use, nebulized inhalation, , ICU who did not live in single room and smoking history> 5 years had close relationship with pulmonary infection, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion ICU patients with pulmonary infection after mechanical ventilation by a variety of risk factors in the nursing process should be targeted to avoid the factors that may lead to infection, effective prevention and control of pulmonary infection.