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应用计算流体力学的方法研究昆虫翅膀平面形状和展弦比对其拍动运动时气动力的影响.选取了10种具有代表性的平面形状和展弦比差别较大的昆虫翅膀作为研究对象.这10种昆虫分别是果蝇、大蚊、蜂蝇、食蚜蝇、瓢虫、熊蜂、蜜蜂、草蜻蛉(前翅)、鹰蛾和蜻蜓(前翅).研究结果表明:翅膀面积的二阶矩折合半径越大其气动力越大,当使用翅膀面积的二阶矩折合半径处的速度作为参考速度时,翅膀平面形状对无量纲气动力的影响很小.当翅膀展弦比有较大变化(从2.8增大到5.5)时,气动力系数只有很小的变化.流动的三维效应减弱和部分前缘涡(LEV,Leading-Edge Vortices)的脱落,这两种效果相互抵消,导致气动力系数变化不大.
The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to study the influence of plane shape and aspect ratio on the aerodynamic force of insect wings during their flapping and moving movements. Ten representative insect wings with different planar shapes and different aspect ratios were selected as research objects. The ten kinds of insects are fruit fly, mosquito, bee, hoverfly, ladybug, bumblebee, bee, lacewing (forewing), eagle moth and dragonfly (forewing) .The results show that the second moment of wing area The larger the radius of inflection is, the larger the aerodynamic force is. When using the velocity of the second moment of the wing area as the reference velocity, the plane shape of the wing has little effect on the non-dimensional aerodynamic force. (From 2.8 to 5.5), there is only a small change in the aerodynamic coefficient, the weakened three-dimensional effect of the flow and the fall-off of the Leading-Edge Vortices (LEVs), which cancel each other out, resulting in aerodynamic forces The coefficient changes little.