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本文通过对甘蔗１３个产量与品质性状的方差分析与广义遗传力分析，除重力纯度外，其他１２个性状在不同的品系（种）间都存在真实的遗传差异，可通过杂交予以改良，且纤维分、田间锤度、公顷合纤维量、茎径属高度遗传性状，重力纯度、出汁率，公顷产糖量属低度遗传性状。通过相关分析表明，茎径和单茎重对产量的贡献是主要的，而对于甘蔗蔗糖分则取决于田间锤度和蔗汁蔗糖分，公顷含糖量却以茎径、单茎重、公顷产量为主要，但也不可忽视甘蔗蔗糖分。通径分析进一步证实：茎径对产量，蔗汁蔗糖分对甘蔗蔗糖分．甘蔗蔗糖分、茎径对公顷含糖量的重要性。此外，也要协调好株高、茎径、公顷有效茎之间的关系和出汁率、甘蔗蔗糖分、纤维分之间的关系，方可达到高产高糖的目的。
Through the analysis of variance and general heritability of 13 yield and quality traits of sugarcane, except for gravity and purity, the other 12 traits have the true genetic differences among different lines and can be improved by crossbreeding Fibers, field brix, hectare fiber volume, stem diameter is a high degree of genetic traits, gravity purity, juice yield, hectare sugar production is a low degree of genetic traits. According to the correlation analysis, the contribution of stem diameter and single stalk weight to yield was the most important, while for sugar cane, the sucrose content was determined by the field brix and sugar cane sugar content, but the hay sugar content was stem diameter, single stem weight, ha Yield as the main, but also can not be ignored sugar cane sugar. Path analysis further confirmed: stem diameter of the yield, sugarcane juice sugarcane sucrose sucrose points. Sugarcane sugar, stem diameter on the importance of sugar content in ha. In addition, we should also coordinate the relationship between plant height, stem diameter, effective stalk and juice yield, sugarcane sugar content, and fiber content to achieve high yield and high sugar.