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酶是一种绿色、安全、高效、专一的生物催化剂,在反应中具有能耗小、可循环利用和选择性高等优点,更重要的是酶催化聚合能够制备传统的化学催化无法(或难以)实现的聚合物,具有一定的工业化前景。本文简述了酶催化的发展历程、机理以及其制备特殊结构和功能聚合物材料的特点,特别是脂肪酶催化下的开环聚合相对于缩聚反应来说,具有反应条件温和、分子量和结构可控性好等优势,因此重点描述脂肪酶催化开环聚合在合成不同拓扑结构(线型、支化、交联)聚合物中的研究进展。
Enzymes are a green, safe, efficient and specific biocatalyst that has the advantages of low energy consumption, recyclability and selectivity in the reaction. More importantly, enzyme-catalyzed polymerization can prepare traditional chemical catalysis (or difficult ) To achieve the polymer, has a certain industrialization prospects. In this paper, the development history and mechanism of enzyme catalysis as well as the characteristics of its preparation of special structure and functional polymer materials are described briefly. In particular, the ring-opening polymerization catalyzed by lipase has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, molecular weight and structure Therefore, the research progress of lipase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization in the synthesis of polymers with different topologies (linear, branched and cross-linked) is emphasized.