噬菌体在20世纪初被发现时,其抗感染的潜力就受到极大重视。但随着抗生素的问世,噬菌体治疗被逐渐忽略。近年来,多重耐药菌的不断出现和新型抗生素的缺乏使得噬菌体治疗再次受到全球关注。对噬菌体进行精确的遗传改造可以使之更好的发挥抗感染作用。此外,噬菌体通过遗传改造还可以用于药物传递、疫苗展示、病原体诊断等众多生物医药领域,具有极大的应用前景。本文着重对噬菌体遗传改造技术及其应用进展进行综述。 When phages were discovered early in the twentieth century, their anti-infective potential received great attention. But with the advent of antibiotics, phage therapy is gradually neglected. In recent years, the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria and the lack of new antibiotics have once again brought global attention to phage therapy. Accurate genetic modification of the phage can make it better play a role in anti-infective. In addition, the bacteriophage can also be used for many biomedical fields such as drug delivery, vaccine display and pathogen diagnosis through genetic modification, which has great application prospect. This article focuses on the phage genetic modification technology and its application progress are reviewed.