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利用电压表、电流表及滑动变阻器测量电源电动势和内阻是高中物理电学部分中的一个重要实验,其实验原理就是用电压表测出电源的路端电压U,用电流表测出流过电源的电流I,改变滑动变阻器阻值,得到不同的U,I数据,并运用测得的数据在U-I坐标中描点、连线,得到电源的U-I图象,对比U=EIr可知,图象的纵轴截距即为电动势E、斜率表示电源内阻r。在具体实验连接中有两种不同电路(图1),
The use of voltmeter, ammeter and rheostat measurement of the power electromotive force and resistance is a high school physical electrical part of an important experiment, the experimental principle is to use the voltmeter to measure the voltage of the roadside terminal voltage U, measured with ammeter current flowing through the power supply I, change the resistance of the sliding rheostat, get different U, I data, and use the measured data in the UI coordinates point, connect, get the power of the UI image contrast U = EIr, the image of the longitudinal axis of the cut Distance is the electromotive force E, the slope of the power resistance r. There are two different circuits in a specific experimental connection (Figure 1)