当今世界正越来越多地依赖电子计算机,计算机在人类社会中的作用越来越大,但是它的故障所引起的后果也越来越严重。因此人们迫切需要高可靠性的计算机系统。在这种情况下,计算机容错技术日益受到计算机学术界及工业界的重视。一、计算机容错技术的基本概念 (一)容错计算计算机容错技术又称容错计算(Fault-tolerantComputing),是计算机科学技术及电子科学技术的一个分支。这里“计算”一词的含义已远远超出了“数值计算”的范围,应理解为“对信息的处理及控制”。而“容 The world today is relying more and more on electronic computers, whose role in human society is growing, but the consequences of its failure are aggravating. Therefore, people urgently need highly reliable computer systems. Under such circumstances, computer fault tolerance technology is increasingly valued by computer academia and industry. First, the basic concepts of computer fault-tolerant technology (A) fault-tolerant computing Computer fault-tolerant technology, also known as fault-tolerant computing (Fault-tolerantComputing), is a branch of computer science and technology and electronic science and technology. The meaning of the word “calculation” here has gone far beyond the scope of “numerical calculation” and should be understood as “information processing and control.” And "capacity