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城市化是社会发展的必然过程。近年来,在新疆城市化发展进程中,城市用地明显向外扩张。本文使用低分辨率遥感影像数据和GIS技术,分别从宏观和中观尺度定量分析了新疆近40a来城市时空变化。利用DCW和GLCNMO数据分别计算了1960年和2003年新疆城市的城市用地比重和年城市增长率指数,从区域尺度和单个城市尺度分析了新疆城市扩张的时空变化过程。结果表明新疆城市结构体系不合理,城市等级规模差距较大;城市化进程存在明显的地域差异,北疆城市多,扩张强度大,南疆城市少,扩张强度较小;城市规模总体上不断扩大,外延式扩张明显,城市化进程正处于加速发展阶段。最后,本文在对新疆城市化进程分析的基础上,从科学构建城市体系,区域平衡角度着手,提出了未来新疆城市发展战略的一些对策和建议。
Urbanization is an inevitable process of social development. In recent years, during the process of urbanization in Xinjiang, urban land has obviously expanded outward. This paper uses low resolution remote sensing image data and GIS technology to quantitatively analyze the spatial and temporal changes of cities in Xinjiang in recent 40 years from macroscopic and meso-scale respectively. Using the data of DCW and GLCNMO, the proportion of urban land and urban growth rate of cities in Xinjiang in 1960 and 2003 were calculated respectively. The temporal and spatial changes of urban expansion in Xinjiang were analyzed from the regional scale and individual urban scale. The results show that the urban structural system in Xinjiang is irrational and there is a big gap between the scale of cities. There are obvious regional differences in the process of urbanization. There are many cities in northern Xinjiang with large expansion intensity and few cities in southern Xinjiang, with less expansion intensity. The overall urban scale is expanding , The extension of expansion is obvious, and the process of urbanization is at an accelerated stage of development. Finally, on the basis of the analysis of the process of urbanization in Xinjiang, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on the urban development strategy of Xinjiang in the future from the scientific construction of urban system and regional balance.