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针对驱动桥轮边支承轴突变处即K-K截面的断裂现象,分析了其断裂原因,提出了通过合理锻造制坯或采用组合式结构的解决方法。锻造制坯不仅要获得所需的几何形状,更要追求其合理的金相组织分布,对于轮边支承轴及其他类似的变截面轴类坯件,合理的锻造组织应是其金属流线沿坯件外部对称分布,而在纵剖面上成封闭状。组合式结构有3个突出优点:一是科学地利用了原材料的流线组织,其流线组织多呈轴向性的特点有利于提高轮边支承轴的抗弯曲能力;二是可显著减小应力集中现象;三是制造成本相对较低。采用整体锻造法还是采用组合式结构,取决于3个方面:一是零件的结构特点;二是设备特点;三是原材料的供应状况。实践证明,无论采用整体锻造法还是组合式结构,均可有效预防K-K截面的断裂。
Aiming at the fracture phenomenon of K-K cross-section, which is the sudden change of supporting axle of driving axle, the reason of fracture is analyzed. The solution to the problem of the blank or the combined structure is proposed. Forging billet not only to obtain the desired geometry, but also the pursuit of its reasonable distribution of microstructure, for the wheel bearing shaft and other similar cross-section shaft billet, a reasonable forging organization should be its metal streamline along The blanks are distributed symmetrically on the outside and closed in the longitudinal section. The modular structure has three outstanding advantages: First, the scientific use of raw materials streamline organizations, the streamline organizations are mostly axial characteristics conducive to improving the resistance capacity of the wheel-side support shaft; the second is significantly reduced Stress concentration phenomenon; Third, the manufacturing cost is relatively low. The overall forging method or the use of modular structure, depends on three aspects: First, the structural features of the parts; second is the characteristics of the equipment; Third, the supply of raw materials. Practice has proved that, whether using the overall forging method or combined structure, can effectively prevent the K-K section of the fracture.