2010年3 5月,贵州省文物考古研究所等单位对贵州省东部铜仁市锦江流域的磨刀湾、笔架冲、方田坝等遗址进行了发掘和试掘,此次工作是建国以来在贵州省锦江流域首次进行的系统考古发掘工作,获得了一批夏商、西周、两汉和宋明清时期的考古资料,具有重要的学术意义。本文着重介绍此次考古发掘中先秦时期遗存的主要收获,并对其学术意义进行初步讨论。 In March 2010, the Guizhou Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology conducted excavation and trial excavation of sites such as Shaoguanwan, Bijiachong and Fangtianba in the Jinjiang River basin in Tongren City, eastern Guizhou Province. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, The systematic archeological excavations carried out for the first time in the Jinjiang River Basin in the province have obtained a number of archaeological materials of the Xia, Shang, Han, Song, Ming, and Qing Dynasties and have important academic significance. This article focuses on the main harvests of the remains of the pre-Qin period in this archeological excavation, and discusses its academic significance.