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通过对大学生的安全感与其父母教养方式关系进行相关研究分析,了解不同的父母教养方式对安全感的影响,并为实践提供依据。方法:采用马斯洛的安全感-不安全感问卷(S-I)和父母教养方式量表(EMBU)对120名湖南中医药大学学生进行调查。安全感总分与父母教养方式中的F2父亲严厉惩罚、F6父亲过度保护、M2母亲拒绝否认3个因子均呈现显著的正相关(r=0.238,P<0.05;r=0.248,P<0.05;r=0.328,P<0.01),与F1父亲情感与理解、M1母亲情感与理解2个因子均呈现显著的负相关(r=0.391,P<0.01;r=0.381,P<0.01),并且父亲过度保护和母亲拒绝否认2个因子对安全感总分具有显著的预测作用(β=0.314,P<0.05;β=0.517,P<0.01)。父母教养方式各因子与子女安全感水平均有一定相关关系,不同因子对个体安全感的产生和发展有不同的作用,有些因子对个体安全感具有预测作用。
Through the research on the relationship between the sense of security of college students and their parental rearing styles, we can understand the influence of different parental rearing styles on the sense of security and provide the basis for practice. Methods: A total of 120 students from Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were investigated using Maslow’s Sense of Security - Sense of Insecurity (S-I) and Parental Rearing Patterns (EMBU). The total score of safety was severely punished by F2 father in parental rearing style. There was a significant positive correlation between F6 father over-protection and M2 mother’s refusal to deny the three factors (r = 0.238, P <0.05; r = 0.248, P < (r = 0.328, P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between F1 emotion and understanding, M1 mothers’ emotions and their understanding (r = 0.391, P <0.01; r = 0.381, P <0.01) Over-protection and mother’s refusal to deny the two factors have a significant predictive value for the total score of safety (β = 0.314, P <0.05; β = 0.517, P <0.01). Each factor of parental rearing style has a certain correlation with the level of children’s security. Different factors have different effects on the emergence and development of individual’s sense of security. Some of the factors have a predictive effect on individual security.