目的分析湖南省郴州市狂犬病流行特征和流行因素,揭示狂犬病疫情回升原因,为控制疫情提供科学依据。方法流行病学个案调查,监测资料和疫情资料分析。结果 1990-2009年郴州市共报告狂犬病494例,发病率在0.02/10万~1.22/10万之间,1990年以来狂犬病发病数总体呈上升趋势,2001年达到高峰,2002-2007年发病数维持在较高水平,2008年后有下降趋势。病例主要分布在桂阳、宜章、嘉禾、临武、安仁、永兴等6县,以儿童和农民为主,男性明显多于女性,全年均有病例发生,无明显季节性。结论养犬数增加而免疫接种率低,犬管理不当,暴露后规范处置率低和群众防病知识缺乏、防病意识不强是导致郴州市人间狂犬病疫情回升的主要原因,应采取针对性措施,遏制疫情回升趋势。 Objective To analyze the epidemiological and epidemic factors of rabies in Chenzhou City, Hunan Province, and to reveal the reasons for the rise of rabies epidemic in order to provide a scientific basis for controlling the epidemic. Methods Epidemiological case investigation, monitoring data and epidemic data analysis. Results A total of 494 cases of rabies were reported in Chenzhou from 1990 to 2009. The incidence rate was between 0.02 / 100,000 and 1.22 / 100,000. Since 1990, the incidence of rabies has been on the rise, reaching the peak in 2001 and the number of cases in 2002-2007 Maintained at a high level, after 2008, a downward trend. The cases were mainly distributed in 6 counties including Guiyang, Yizhang, Jiahe, Linwu, Anren and Yongxing. Most of them were children and peasants, with significantly more males than females. All the cases occurred in the year without obvious seasonal changes. Conclusions Increasing the number of dogs and vaccines, low immunization rate, improper management of dogs, low post-exposure standard treatment rate, lack of public knowledge about disease prevention and poor awareness of disease prevention are the main reasons leading to the rise of human rabies in Chenzhou City. Therefore, targeted measures should be taken , To curb the upward trend of the epidemic.