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目的了解上海市松江、闵行地区2011年-2012年人群流感的流行特征。方法收集、汇总上述地区流感监测哨点医院的流感样病例数、就诊人数等进行描述性流行病学分析。对采集的流感样病例咽拭子用荧光定量PCR进行各型流感病毒核酸检测,对核酸阳性标本进行流感病毒培养,并用红细胞凝集抑制试验鉴定流感病毒型和亚型。结果 2年间监测到流感样病例总数为23 572例,流感样病例平均就诊比例为1.12%。采集咽拭子标本2 888份,分离到各型流感毒株870株,2011年优势株为B型,2012年优势株为季节性H3N2与B型共同流行。病毒分离及流行病学监测显示:2011年成人和儿童流感呈年初和年末冬春季高发,2012年则呈现明显的年初冬春季和夏季高发。结论 2011年-2012年上海松江、闵行地区流感流行特点大致为冬春季和夏季高发,新甲型H1N1、B、季节性H3N2呈优势交替流行。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in the population from 2011 to 2012 in Songjiang and Minhang areas of Shanghai. Methods Collecting and summarizing descriptive epidemiological analysis of the number of flu-like cases and the number of visiting flu in the above-mentioned influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals. Throat swabs were collected from influenza-like cases. Fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect all kinds of influenza virus nucleic acids, and influenza virus was cultured on nucleic acid positive specimens. The influenza virus type and subtype were identified by erythrocyte agglutination inhibition test. Results The total number of flu-like cases detected in 2 years was 23 572 cases, and the average number of flu-like cases was 1.12%. A total of 2 888 samples of throat swabs were collected, and 870 influenza strains were isolated. The predominant strains were type B in 2011, and the dominant strains were seasonal H3N2 and type B in 2012. Virus isolation and epidemiological surveillance showed that the flu in both adults and children was high in early winter and the end of the year in spring and winter in 2011, and obviously increased in early, spring and early summer in early 2012. Conclusion The prevalence of influenza in Songjiang and Minhang areas in Shanghai from 2011 to 2012 is generally high in winter, spring and summer. The prevalence of new influenza A H1N1, B and seasonal H3N2 is dominant.