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目的回顾黄石市2012年一起霍乱暴发疫情应急处置经过,为今后科学防控霍乱疫情积累经验。方法调查所有聚餐人员及病例密切接触者,采集肛拭或大便培养鉴定霍乱弧菌,按《霍乱诊断标准》(WS289-2008)诊断病例;对疫点环境和污染食品采样培养分离霍乱弧菌;采取控制措施。结果该起疫情共发现9例霍乱确诊病例,33例临床诊断病例,13例带菌者。所有患者和带菌者均有在同一酒店进餐史,且在该酒店帮厨和服务员中发现带菌者,酒店食品采样中也检出O139群霍乱弧菌,菌株检出毒力基因,且与病人菌株PFGE图谱相同,提示具有同源性。结论此次疫情是一起因酒店食品污染引起的霍乱暴发疫情,经过对患者和带菌者的隔离治疗、疫点消毒、密切接触者的居家医学观察等措施,疫情得到有效控制,未出现二代病例和死亡病例。
Objective To review the emergency treatment of a cholera outbreak in Huangshi City in 2012 and accumulate experience for future scientific prevention and control of cholera epidemic. Methods All the meal participants and close contacts were investigated. Vibrio cholerae was collected by anal swab or stool culture, and the cases were diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of cholera (WS289-2008). Vibrio cholerae were isolated from the sampling sites of contaminated food and polluted environment. Take control measures. Results A total of 9 cholera confirmed cases, 33 clinically diagnosed cases and 13 carriers were found during the outbreak. All patients and carriers were in the same hotel dining history, and in the hotel chef and waiter found carriers, the hotel food samples were also detected Vibrio cholerae O139 strains were detected virulence genes, and the patient strains PFGE The same map, suggesting homology. Conclusion The outbreak was an outbreak of cholera outbreak caused by hotel food contamination. After the isolation and treatment of patients and carriers, epidemic disinfection and home medical observation of close contacts, the outbreak was effectively controlled and the second generation cases did not appear And deaths.