今年1月,联合国向全世界发出了淡水资源短缺的警报,指出,缺水问题将严重制约下个世纪的经济和社会发展,并可能导致国家间冲突。目前全世界五分之一以上的人口面临“中高度缺水的压力”。 我国与其它一些国家、地区情况虽有所不同,但是在水资源短缺方面却面临着同样的问题。中国是一个水资源不丰富的国家,水资源在时空上的分布极不平衡且浪费、污染严重、重复利用率低,水的供需矛盾日益突出,已成为制约我国工农业生产和城市发展的瓶颈。 In January this year, the United Nations sent an alert to the world about the shortage of fresh water resources. It pointed out that the water shortage will seriously restrict the economic and social development in the next century and may lead to conflicts among nations. At present, more than one fifth of the world’s population is facing a “severe lack of water pressure.” Although different from other parts of our country and region, our country faces the same problems in terms of water scarcity. China is a country that is not rich in water resources. The distribution of water resources in time and space is extremely unbalanced and was wasted. The pollution is serious and the recycling rate is low. The contradiction between supply and demand of water has become increasingly prominent. It has become the bottleneck restricting the industrial and agricultural production and urban development in China .