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针对现有电铝热法冶炼钒铁出现的渣中钒(TV)含量高,还原剂Al利用率低的问题,本文从反应热力学、渣的物相组成以及渣系液相温度的角度进行了分析研究。热力学研究结果表明:相同加Al条件下,渣中TV含量随温度的升高而增加;相同温度条件下,随着合金中Al含量的增加,渣中TV含量逐渐降低。岩相分析显示渣中MgO主要分布于镁铝尖晶石相中,而V元素几乎全都固溶于镁铝尖晶石中,控制MgO含量有利于降低渣中TV。基于上述规律,本文提出一种梯度式电铝热冶炼钒铁方法,将整个加料过程分为3期,每期的氧化钒重量比例为5∶3∶2,每个阶段的加铝系数呈梯度式减少,分别为1.25,0.93和0.58,整体平均加铝系数为1.02,低于现有工艺的1.05。采用新方法冶炼钒铁的渣中TV含量约为0.64%,合金中铝含量约为0.4%,均优于现有电铝热法的水平。
In view of the problems of high content of vanadium (TV) in slag and low utilization rate of reducing agent Al in the existing vanadium ferro-smelting by electrothermal aluminothermization, the reaction thermodynamics, the phase composition of slag and the liquidus temperature of slag system were carried out Analysis. The results of thermodynamics show that the TV content in slag increases with the increase of temperature under the same Al addition condition. With the increase of Al content in the alloy, the TV content in slag decreases gradually under the same temperature. The analysis of facies shows that the MgO in slag is mainly distributed in the magnesia-alumina spinel phase, and almost all of the V elements are solid-dissolved in the magnesia-alumina spinel. Controlling the MgO content is helpful to reduce the TV in the slag. Based on the above rules, this paper presents a gradient-type aluminum hot-smelting ferrovanadium method, the entire feeding process is divided into three phases, each of the weight ratio of vanadium oxide 5: 3: 2, each stage of the aluminum gradient was gradient Decreased by 1.25, 0.93 and 0.58 respectively. The overall average aluminum addition coefficient was 1.02, which was lower than 1.05 of the existing technology. The content of TV in the residue of smelting ferrovanadium by the new method is about 0.64% and the content of aluminum in the alloy is about 0.4%, both of which are better than those of the existing electrothermal method.