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[目的]评价急救安全干预近期及远期效果,为提高中小学生安全意识、预防和控制中小学生伤害提供依据。[方法]在基线调查的基础上,对延边地区5所中小学校的2352名学生伤害干预前、干预1周后及干预半年后的急救安全知识、急救安全及人身安全态度、健康增进行为及伤害发生状况变化进行评价。[结果]3个层次学生急救安全知识在干预1周后评价得分均高于干预半年后(F=64.30,P=0.000;F=465.02,P=0.000;F=914.37,P=0.000),初高中组学生干预半年后急救安全知识得分高于干预前;小学组对急救安全教育必要性的肯定应答率由干预前的48.7%上升为干预半年后的93.8%(χ2=6.44,P﹤0.05);初中组学生在干预半年后的玩火行为减少(χ2=6.59,P=0.010),查看食物有效期行为则好于干预前(χ2=19.67,P=0.000);而高中组学生玩火行为减少(χ2=35.73,P=0.000),饭前洗手行为上则好于干预前(χ2=40.58,P=0.000)。[结论]急救安全教育能够有效降低小学生伤害、提高急救安全教育意识,对提高初高中学生急救安全态度、改善健康相关行为有积极作用;中小学生急救安全教育的开展需要持久化、特色化。
[Objective] To evaluate the short-term and long-term effects of first aid safety interventions and provide evidences for improving the safety awareness of primary and secondary school students and preventing and controlling primary and secondary school students’ injuries. [Methods] On the basis of the baseline survey, 2352 students from 5 primary and secondary schools in Yanbian were investigated before and after 1 week of intervention and first-half interventions for first aid safety, first aid and personal safety, health promotion and injury Occurrence of changes in status evaluation. [Results] The assessment scores of first-aid safety in 3 levels were higher than that of intervention one week after intervention (F = 64.30, P = 0.000; F = 465.02, P = 0.000; F = 914.37, P = 0.000) The response rate of first aid safety in high school students was higher than that before intervention in half a year after intervention. The positive rate of primary school safety education was increased from 48.7% before intervention to 93.8% after six months intervention (χ2 = 6.44, P <0.05) (Χ2 = 6.59, P = 0.010), while the behavior of students in the junior high school group was better than that before the intervention (χ2 = 19.67, P = 0.000); while the high school students’ (χ2 = 35.73, P = 0.000). The pre-meal hand-washing behavior was better than before intervention (χ2 = 40.58, P = 0.000). [Conclusions] First aid safety education can effectively reduce the injury of primary school students and raise awareness of first aid safety education. It plays a positive role in improving the first aid attitude and improving the health-related behavior of primary and secondary high school students. The primary and secondary school students’ first aid safety education needs persistence and specialization.