土壤质量评价中碳氮指标的表示方法很多，其中生物活性碳、氮能敏感地反映土壤质量的变化，是重要的评价指标，但其测定困难，在土壤质量评价中的认识并不统一。本文对《土壤质量与持续环境》《美国土壤学会1994年发行》一书中土壤质量评价在碳氮方面的指标、测定方法以及土地利用管理对这些指标的影响进行了评述。 There are many ways to represent carbon and nitrogen indicators in soil quality evaluation. Among them, bioactive carbon and nitrogen can reflect the change of soil quality sensitively, which is an important evaluation index. However, their determination is difficult and their understanding in soil quality evaluation is not uniform. This paper reviews the indicators of carbon and nitrogen in soil quality assessment and the methods of determination and the impact of land use management on these indicators in the book Soil Quality and Sustainable Environments published by 1994 American Soil Society.