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《美国牧歌》是菲利普·罗斯所创作的《美国三部曲》之一。小说描述了二战后和越战期间,一个成功犹太企业家族在经历了重重痛苦后最终美国梦破灭的遭遇。运用让·保罗·萨特存在主义中的“自欺”和“与他人的具体关系”观点探讨小说主人公瑞典佬如何试图掌控一切却又步步隐忍而最终陷入生存中的困境。通过分析瑞典佬的生存状态,指出人类在作出选择后应勇于承担自身的责任,而不是选择逃避陷入自欺,并鼓励人类积极面对与他人之间的冲突。
“American Pastoral” is one of the “American Trilogy” by Philip Rose. The novel portrays the eventual collapse of a successful Jewish family after the end of World War II and the Vietnam War. Using the “self-deception” of Jean Paul Sartre existentialism and the “specific relationship with others”, this paper explores how the Swedish guy tries to control everything but finally gets into difficulties in survival. By analyzing the living conditions of the Swedish, it is pointed out that human beings should have the courage to shoulder their own responsibilities after making choices, rather than choosing to evade self-deception and encouraging human beings to actively face conflicts with others.