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2009年爆发的欧洲主权债务危机,是欧洲一体化进程中出现的重大挑战,也对欧元区的内在稳定性和长期发展提出了质疑。货币一体化理论指出,货币同盟的稳定性不仅取决于经济一体化的程度,还取决于区域内各国经济基本面的趋同程度。欧元区一体化进程加大了核心与边缘成员的差异,却未建立起区域层面的风险分担机制,最终导致危机的爆发。因此,进行结构改革、增强区域风险分担机制的建设,将是欧元区未来实现长远稳定的必经之路。区域一体化应更多关注成员国发展的平衡性。
The European sovereign debt crisis that broke out in 2009 is a major challenge in the process of European integration and has also challenged the inherent stability and long-term development of the euro area. The theory of monetary integration states that the stability of a currency union depends not only on the degree of economic integration but also on the convergence of the economic fundamentals of various countries in the region. The process of the integration of the euro area has enlarged the differences between the core and the fringe members but failed to establish a risk-sharing mechanism at the regional level, which eventually led to the outbreak of the crisis. Therefore, carrying out structural reforms and enhancing the construction of a regional risk-sharing mechanism will be the only way for the Eurozone to achieve long-term stability in the future. Regional integration should pay more attention to the balanced development of member countries.