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【目的】研究肝硬化大鼠的细菌易位情况,并探讨甜菜碱对其的干预作用。【方法】随机将48只健康雄性SD(Sprague dawley,SD)大鼠分为四组:正常对照组(N),甜菜碱干预的正常对照组(NB),肝硬化模型组(M),甜菜碱干预的肝硬化模型组(MB)。采用复合致病因素法诱导大鼠肝硬化,NB组和MB组使用1 000 mg/(kg w·d)的甜菜碱水溶液灌胃,N组和M组使用等体积饮用水灌胃;HE染色观察肝脏与小肠损伤情况,并检测各组动物脏器指数与细菌易位情况。【结果】M组大鼠体重增长缓慢(与N组比较,4周和6周时间点均P=0,P<0.01);与M组相比,MB组大鼠体重增长较快,至6周时间点体重差异显著(P=0.023,P<0.05)。与N组相比,M组动物4周时间点肝脏指数显著升高(P=0,P<0.01);6周时间点肝脏(P=0,P<0.01)、脾脏指数(P=0.038,P<0.05)均显著升高,肾脏指数显著降低(P=0.019,P<0.05);与M组相比,6周时间点MB组动物肝脏指数(P=0.038,P<0.05)明显降低,肾脏指数(P=0.011,P<0.05)明显升高。M组动物肝、肠组织发生明显病理学改变;MB组动物病理学改变减轻。M组发生细菌易位的大鼠数量升高,4周时主要易位于MLN,6周时主要易位于MLN和肾脏;MB组发生细菌易位的大鼠数量有所减少,其中6周时易位至MLN的大鼠数量明显减少(P=0.046,P<0.05)。【结论】复合致病因素诱导的肝硬化大鼠,发生细菌易位的器官主要是MLN和肾脏,易位的细菌可通过淋巴管道转位,并随肝硬化病程进展趋于严重。甜菜碱除了其转甲基的保护作用以外,很可能还通过对肠道的保护作用,在一定程度上阻止了肝硬化动物细菌易位的发生,从而发挥了对肝脏的保护作用
【Objective】 To investigate the bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats and to explore the effect of betaine on it. 【Methods】 Forty-eight healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group (N), normal control group (NB) treated with betaine, liver cirrhosis model group (M) Alkaline-induced liver cirrhosis model group (MB). The liver cirrhosis was induced by compound pathogenic factors. The NB and MB groups were orally gavaged with 1 000 mg / (kg w · d) of betaine, while the N and M groups were given the same volume of drinking water. The HE staining Observe the damage of liver and small intestine, and detect the animal organ index and bacterial translocation in each group. 【Results】 The body weight of rats in group M increased slowly (P = 0 for 4 weeks and 6 weeks compared with group N, P <0.01). Compared with group M, the weight gain of group MB increased rapidly to 6 There was significant difference in body weight between weeks (P = 0.023, P <0.05). Compared with the N group, the liver index of the M group was significantly increased at 4 weeks (P = 0, P <0.01); at 6 weeks, the liver index (P = 0, P <0.01) (P = 0.019, P <0.05). The index of liver in MB group was significantly lower than that in M group at 6 weeks (P = 0.019, P <0.05) Kidney index (P = 0.011, P <0.05) was significantly higher. The pathological changes of liver and intestine were observed in M group, and the pathological changes in MB group were alleviated. The number of bacterial translocations in M group increased at 4 weeks and mainly in MLN at 6 weeks, mainly in MLN and kidney at 6 weeks, while the number of bacteria translocating rats in MB group decreased. At 6 weeks, The number of rats with MLN was significantly reduced (P = 0.046, P <0.05). 【Conclusions】 The pathogenesis-induced liver cirrhosis rats, where bacterial translocation occurs mainly in MLN and kidney, and the translocated bacteria can be translocated through the lymphatic duct and become more serious with the progression of liver cirrhosis. In addition to the protective effect of betaine on transmethylation, betaine may, to a certain extent, prevent the development of bacterial translocation in cirrhotic animals through its protective effect on the intestine, thereby exerting a protective effect on the liver