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目的:探讨大学新生自我同一性状态与人格特点的相关及性别差异。方法:使用大学生自我同一性状态量表及卡特尔16项个性因素问卷对203名大学新生进行问卷调查。结果:成就型同一性与稳定性,恃强性,兴奋性,有恒性,敢为性呈显著正相关(r=0.20~0.41),与忧虑性呈显著负相关(r=-0.38);弥散型同一性与人格特征的显著相关方向与前者正好相反(r=0.18~0.38);排斥型同一性与恃强性、敢为性呈显著负相关(r=-0.17~-0.21);延缓型同一性与怀疑性呈显著正相关(r=0.19)。男生的成就型同一性得分显著高于女生(t=2.65,P=0.009),弥散型同一性得分显著低于女生(t=-2.17,P=0.031)。结论:同一性状态、人格的性别差异显著;自我同一性状态的性别差异与人格特征的性别差异具有一致性。
Aims: To explore the correlation and gender differences in the freshmen’s self-identity status and personality traits. Methods: Twenty-three college freshmen were surveyed using the Self-Identity Questionnaire for College Students and the 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire of Cartel. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between achievement-type identity and stability, bullying, excitability, persistence and dareness (r = 0.20-0.41), and negatively correlated with anxiety (r = -0.38) There was a significant negative correlation between type identity and personality trait (r = 0.18-0.38). Rejection type identity was negatively correlated with bullying and daring (r = -0.17-0.21) There was a significant positive correlation between identity and suspicion (r = 0.19). The score of achievement-type identity of boys was significantly higher than that of girls (t = 2.65, P = 0.009), and diffuse-type identity was significantly lower than girls (t = -2.17, P = 0.031). Conclusion: There is significant gender difference in identity status and personality. Gender differences in self-identity status and personality characteristics are consistent.