契诃夫是俄国短篇小说创作的杰出代表。他塑造的艺术形象栩栩如生,创作题材广泛丰富,涉及俄国社会生活的各个层面。本文以小说《姚尼奇》为例,从小说标题入手简要分析契诃夫笔下部分知识分子无力摆脱环境影响,最终丧失其本性和信仰的可悲结局。契诃夫在作品中批判知识分子精神危机,并提出了个体的存在意义和价值问题。 Chekhov is an outstanding representative of Russian short story creation. The artistic image he creates is lifelike and has a wide range of creative themes, covering all aspects of Russian social life. Taking the novel “Yao Niqi” as an example, this essay starts from the title of the novel and briefly analyzes the sad ending of the part that some intellectuals in Chekhov can not get rid of the environmental impact and eventually lose their nature and belief. Chekhov criticized the spiritual crisis of intellectuals in his works and put forward the question of the existence significance and value of individual.