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目的 研究不同矢状骨面型错牙合畸形成年患者上气道大小形态的特点,探讨颅颌面结构对上气道的影响.方法 收集2014年1月-2016年3月期间就诊于乌鲁木齐市口腔医院正畸科Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类矢状骨面型成年错牙合畸形患者正畸治疗前锥形束CT资料各30例,利用Mimics 16.0软件测量上气道HP平面、SP平面、TE平面及EB平面的矢状径、横径、截面面积,各段体积与高度,并对测量结果进行统计学分析.结果 上气道形态SP平面、TE平面、EB平面矢状径,各平面截面积,腭咽容积及上气道总容积上,Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类矢状骨面型均小于Ⅲ类;HP平面截面积上,Ⅱ类矢状骨面型的小于Ⅰ类、Ⅲ类.结论 Ⅱ类矢状骨面型上气道形态明显狭窄且更易导致睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAHS)的发生.临床工作中运用CBCT技术,详尽分析上气道形态,制定完善治疗方案并对OSAHS进行早期预防.“,”Objects To study the characteristics of oropharyngeal airway size and three-dimensional morphology caused by different sagittal skeletal facial malocclusions, and to explore the relationship between craniofacial structure and upper airway morphology. Meth-ods Adult patients with ClassⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ sagittal skeletal patterns were collected in Orthodontic Division of Urumqi Stomatological Hospital from January 2014 to March 2016, and their pretherapy CBCT data were organized, 30 cases in each group. Mimics 16.0 soft-ware was used to measure the sagittal diameter and transverse diameter of HP, SP, TE and EB plane, the cross-sectional area, volume and height, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results There were differences in different sagittal skeletal pattern groups on airway morphology in sagittal diameter, cross-sectional area of each plane, velopharyngeal volume and total upper airway volume, and the difference was statistically significant. In sagittal diameter, cross-sectional area, velopharyngeal volume and total upper airway vol-ume of SP, TE, and EB plane, ClassⅠ and Ⅱ were smaller than Class Ⅲ. While in the cross-sectional area of HP plane, Class Ⅲ was smaller than Class Ⅰ and Ⅲ. Conclusion The airway morphology of Class Ⅱ sagittal skeletal pattern is obviously narrow, and more likely to lead to the sleep apnea syndrome occurrence. According to the CBCT technology in clinic, it can analyze the airway mor-phology, formulate treatment and prevent early OSAHS.