发挥比较优势可能是一个陷阱——落后国家短期受益、长期受损,产业结构技术密集化进程放慢。而产业结构技术密集化越快,经济增长就越快;不能迅速实现产业结构技术密集化的国家,其可持续的经济增长速度必定不快。要想经济持续保持高速增长,“技术立国”势在必行,反之大而不强;趋强阶段高关税保护的世界经验不应忘却,反之技术很难升级。 It may be a trap to play comparative advantage - the short-term benefit of backward countries, the long-term damage and the slowing down of technology-intensive industrial structure. However, the faster the industry structure and technology are intensified, the faster the economy will grow. The countries that can not rapidly achieve the technology-intensive industrial structure will have unpleasant economic growth rates. In order to maintain rapid economic growth, “establishing a nation based on technology” is imperative but not large at the same time. World experience in high tariff protection during the strengthening phase should not be forgotten. On the contrary, it is difficult to upgrade the technology.