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目的分析儿童医院感染的流行趋势及抗菌药物使用情况,为制定医院感染对策提供科学依据。方法采取横断面调查的方法,采用床旁调查和住院病历相结合,对2013年9月24日住院患儿进行医院感染现患率调查。结果应调查住院患者924例,实查924例,实查率100.0%;发现医院感染40例,现患率为4.3%;现患率最高的科室是血液科,占17.1%;感染部位以下呼吸道感染居首位,占45.5%;主要的医院感染病原菌为铜绿假单胞菌和鲍氏不动杆菌,分别占27.3%和22.7%;抗菌药物使用率为71.2%,预防用药占4.4%;治疗用抗菌药物患儿的病原微生物标本送检率为75.64%。结论医院感染现患率调查随着年份和时间的不同,调查结果存在差异,及时了解现阶段儿童医院感染的分布及存在的问题,采取有效预防控制措施,有利于减少医院感染的发生。
Objective To analyze the epidemic trend of children’s hospital infection and the use of antibacterials in order to provide a scientific basis for the development of hospital infection countermeasures. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infections among hospitalized children on September 24, 2013, using a combination of bedside investigation and hospitalization records. Results 924 hospitalized patients were investigated, 924 cases were investigated, the actual examination rate was 100.0%; 40 cases were found hospital infection, the prevalence rate was 4.3%; the department with the highest prevalence rate was hematology (17.1%); the following respiratory infection Accounting for 45.5%. The main nosocomial pathogenic bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, accounting for 27.3% and 22.7% respectively. The antibacterial drug use rate was 71.2% and prophylactic drug use rate was 4.4% Drugs in children with pathogenic microbiological specimens delivery rate was 75.64%. Conclusion The prevalence of nosocomial infection survey varies with the year and time, there are differences in the survey results, timely understanding of the distribution and existing problems of nosocomial infection in children at this stage, take effective prevention and control measures, will help reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infections.