一、研究目的深入探索低龄学生在道德判断方面的实际水平,从“义——利”选择进一步考察他们在动机冲突情境下的观念反映,从而更深入细致地确定他们在道德认知方面的发展阶段水平,寻找他们在某种特定情境下作出正确或错误选择反应在义利观方面的原因,为今后教育设计提供参考。我们在构思这项研究时,借鉴了我国古代儒家学派关于在“君子喻义”,“鱼与熊掌不可得兼”的情境中应作出“存义”反应的理论,同时参考美国心理学家莱温“场心理学”关于动机冲突中“趋避”、“双避”与“双趋”冲突及其解决的界说,以设置 First, the research purpose Explore the young students in moral judgment of the actual level, from the “justice - Lee” choice to further examine their concept of motivation conflicts reflect the situation, so as to further their detailed understanding of the development of moral cognition Phase level, looking for their correct or incorrect choice in a particular situation to reflect the reasons for the concept of justice and benefit, provide a reference for future educational design. In drawing up this study, we draw on the theory that ancient Confucian schools should make a “deposit of justice” response in the context of “Gentlemen’s Metaphors” and “Unable to acquire both fish and bear’s paw”. At the same time, we refer to American psychologists Lewin “Field Psychology” on the conflict of motivation “avoid”, “double-avoidance” and “double-trend” conflict and its solution to the definition, to set